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1 alternative basis for determination
Финансы: альтернативный метод определенияУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > alternative basis for determination
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2 alternative basis for settling
Универсальный англо-русский словарь > alternative basis for settling
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3 on an alternative basis
English-Russian combinatory dictionary > on an alternative basis
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4 alternative
[ɔːl'təːnətɪv]adjальтернативный, взаимоисключающийThe two plans are not necessarily alternative. — Эти два плана отнюдь не исключают друг друга.
- alternative questionWe have several alternative plans. — У нас несколько разных планов
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5 near cash
!гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:"consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;" "the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;" "strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and"the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:"the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and"the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)"Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and"Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.More information about DEL and AME is set out below.In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets."Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest."Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:"Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and"The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:"provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;" "enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;" "introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and"not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:"an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;" "an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;" "to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with"further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.This document was updated on 19 December 2005.Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————"GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money"————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.———————————————————————————————————————— -
6 MOND
астрон. Modified Newtonian Dynamics — измененная ньютоновская динамика (теория)This is the basis of the most widely considered alternative to dark matter, namely Milgrom's alternative theory of gravity called Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND).
Англо-русский универсальный дополнительный практический переводческий словарь И. Мостицкого > MOND
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7 algebra
algebra with minimality condition — алгебра с условием минимальности, алгебра с условием обрыва убывающих цепей
algebra with maximality condition — алгебра с условием максимальности, алгебра с условием обрыва возрастающих цепей
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8 adjusted gross income
сокр. AGI гос. фин., учет, амер. скорректированный валовой доход [брутто-доход\] (доход физического лица, декларируемый Службе внутренних доходов; рассчитывается как сумма доходов от всех налогооблагаемых источников (заработная плата, пособие по безработице, дивиденды, проценты, прибыль от коммерческой или фермерской деятельности и т. д.) минус невозмещаемые расходы, связанные с получением этих доходов, а так же отчисления по некоторым пенсионным планам, алименты др.; используется для расчета налогооблагаемой прибыли)See:taxable income, Internal Revenue Service, gross income, taxable income, taxable source, alternative tax base, above-the-line cost, adjusted basis, adjusted for taxation, adjusted gross estate, adjustments to gross income, allowable expenses, deduction 2) в), exclusion, gross earnings
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abbrev.: AGI adjusted gross income откорректированный брутто-доход: доход физического лица, декларируемый Службе внутренних доходов в США (форма 1040); для получения суммы такого дохода из всех доходов вычитаются алименты, расходы на переезд, взносы в некоторые пенсионные и сберегательные планы (IRA; KEOGH); см. gross earnings;* * *. Also known as AGI, it's your individual income before personal exemptions or standard or itemized deductions. It's the total of wages, interest, dividends, capital gains (or up to $3,000 in losses), profit or loss from real estate or pass-through entities (e.g., S corporation), pension income and certain other items less contributions to an IRA or Keogh plan, one-half of any self- employment income, and health insurance for self-employed individuals, and certain other deductions. . Small Business Taxes & Management 2 . -
9 delivery
сущ.1)а) торг., связь поставка, доставка (заказанных товаров, периодических изданий, писем и др.)pattern of message delivery — схема [модель\] доставки сообщения
ATTRIBUTES:
scheduled delivery — плановая поставка, поставка по графику
COMBS:
conditions of delivery, terms of delivery — условия поставки
date of delivery — дата доставки [поставки\]
cost of delivery — стоимость доставки [поставки\]
time of delivery, life of delivery — срок поставки
guarantee of delivery — обеспечение [гарантия\] доставки
point of delivery — пункт назначения доставки; место поставки
frequency of delivery — периодичность поставок; частота поставок
on delivery — по доставке; при доставке
collect [payment, pay, cash\] on delivery — наложенный платеж, оплата при доставке
for delivery — на доставку [поставку\]; за доставку [поставку\]; к доставке [поставке\]
charges for delivery — затраты на доставку; плата за доставку
delivery by — доставка (чем-л., кем-л.)
delivery by air — воздушная доставка, доставка по воздуху
to take delivery — принимать поставку (чего-л.)
We took delivery of three more Boeing 737s in February. — В феврале нам поставили еще три самолета Боинг 737.
to delay delivery — задерживать поставку [доставку\]
We do not assume any liability for delays in or failure to make delivery due to conditions over which we have no control. — Мы не принимаем на себя ответственности за задержку и невыполнение поставки по независящим от нас причинам.
See:bad delivery, business delivery, complete delivery, compulsory delivery, consumer delivery, curb delivery, defective delivery, delivery by instalments, delivery in part, delivery on call, free delivery, forward delivery, good delivery, home delivery, incomplete delivery, door-to-door delivery, express delivery, vendor delivery, conditions of delivery, deadline for delivery, delay in delivery, delivery contract, delivery deadline, delivery firm, delivery management, delivery price, delivery versus payment, life of delivery, delivery contract, delivery instructions, delivery item, delivery order, delivery period, delivery schedule, delivery time, credit and delivery, sale and delivery, misdelivery, deliverб) юр., торг. поставка (передача от продавца к покупателю прав владения товарами, имуществом, финансовыми инструментами и т. д.; согласно определению Единообразного торгового кодекса США: добровольная передача от продавца к покупателю права владения финансовым инструментом, товарораспорядительным документом, бумагой, удостоверяющей интерес в движимом имуществе; согласно британскому закону "О продаже товаров" от 1979 г.: добровольная передача права владения товарами от продавца покупателю)See:, Sale of Goods Act 1979, contract of sale of goods, delivery concurrent conditions, Uniform Commercial Code, document of titleв) бирж. (товаров, ценных бумаг, напр., по фьючерсному контракту)2) торг., связь поставляемые [доставленные\] товары; доставленная корреспонденция3) эк., юр. вручение, передача (документа) (часто требуется для вступления в силу передаваемого документа; напр., физическая передача страхового полиса страхуемому)delivery of patent — выдача патента; вручение патента
See:4)а) общ. исполнение, обеспечение, предоставление (услуги, информации)Integrated Food Safety Information Delivery System — Интегрированная система предоставления информации о безопасности пищевых продуктов
See:б) тех., c.-х. питание (током и т. п.), снабжение (водой и т. п.), подача (угля и т. п.)delivery at fixed intervals — подача (напр., воды) по графику
See:5) общ. передача, выдача (напр., преступника государству и т. п.)
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поставка: 1) поставка или получение конкретного финансового инструмента в случае исполнения срочного биржевого контракта; 2) передача ценной бумаги новому владельцу.* * *. 1) передача товара покупателю; 2) вид договора купли-продажи, по которому поставщик (продавец, изготовитель или коммерческий посредник) обязуется в установленный договором срок передать потребителю (покупателю) в собственность продукцию, предназначенную для его хозяйственной деятельности; 3) на бирже - прекращение обязательств по фьючерсному контракту путем передачи покупателю реального товара. . The transfer of the cash commodity from the seller of a futures contract to the buyer of a futures contract. Each futures exchange has specific procedures for delivery of a cash commodity. Some futures contracts, such as stock index contracts, are cash settled. Словарь экономических терминов 1 .* * *Ценные бумаги/Биржевая деятельностьпрекращение обязательств по фьючерсному контракту путем предложения реального товара -
10 vote
1. сущ.1) пол., упр. голосование; баллотировка, баллотированиеsecret/open vote — тайное/открытое голосование
See:alternative vote, block vote, card vote, free vote, open vote, proxy vote, secret vote, single transferable vote, standing vote, 2) election2) пол., упр. голос ( на выборах)by a majority vote, by a majority of votes — большинством голосов
affirmative vote — положительный голос, голос в поддержку
See:3) пол., упр. право голоса; избирательное правоSyn:4) пол., упр. вотум (решение, принятое большинством)See:5) пол., упр. избирательный бюллетеньOnce you have dropped your vote into the ballot box then you can leave the polling station. — После того, как вы опустили ваш бюллетень в урну, вы можете покинуть избирательный участок.
6) гос. фин., брит., устар. утверждение* (запрос о предоставлении средств, отражавшийся в оценках предоставляемых средств до введения системы учета и распределения бюджетных расходов, т. е. при кассовой системе учета государственных расходов)Syn:See:2. гл.1)а) пол., упр. голосовать, вотировать, баллотироватьto vote for [against\] a plan [candidate\]— голосовать за [против\] плана [кандидата\]
б) пол., упр. выбиратьto vote smb. into the chair — избирать кого-л. председателем
to vote smb. into parliament — выбрать кого-л. в парламент
в) пол., упр. постановлять [принимать решение\] большинством голосовThe Senate voted to restrict the funds. The Assembly voted the opposite. — Сенат постановил ограничить фонды. Законодательное собрание постановило обратное.
г) пол., упр., преим. брит. ассигновать, выделять ( средства в ходе обсуждения и голосования)to vote a sum — ассигновать [утверждать\] сумму
2) общ. признавать; решатьThis website was voted the Best Site of the Month. — Этот веб-сайт был признан лучшим сайтом месяца.
3) общ. предлагать; стоять за что-л.I vote that we go home. — Я за то, чтобы пойти домой.
-
11 order
1. n1) порядок, последовательность2) исправность, хорошее состояние4) приказ, распоряжение; предписание5) ордер; разрешение6) заказ; требование (заявка)
- additional order
- adjudication order
- administration order
- administrative order
- advance order
- advertising order
- all-or-none order
- alternative order
- back order
- backlog order
- banker's order
- banker's standing order
- bank money order
- bank payment order
- big order
- blanket order
- board order
- buy order
- buying order
- cable order
- cash order
- cease-and-desist order
- chartering order
- circular order
- collection order
- collective order
- combination order
- company order
- company work orders
- completed collection order
- conditional order
- confiscation order
- construction order
- contingent order
- covering order
- credit order
- cyclic order
- day order
- delivery order
- departmental order
- depositor's order
- disclosure order
- discretionary order
- dispatch order
- economic order
- either-or order
- established order
- export order
- express order
- express money order
- factory order
- fill-or-kill order
- firm order
- follow-up orders
- foreign order
- forwarding order
- formal order
- fresh order
- garnishee order
- general order
- global economic order
- good this month order
- good till cancelled order
- good working order
- government order
- heavy order
- import order
- incoming orders
- individual order
- initial order
- insolvency order
- interim order
- international money order
- job order
- large order
- limit order
- limit price order
- loading order
- mail order
- market order
- market-if-touched order
- market-on-close order
- matched orders
- minimum order
- money order
- month order
- mortgage registry order
- negotiable order of withdrawals
- new orders
- New International Economic Order
- no-limit order
- nonrepeat order
- nontransferable order
- normal order
- numerical order
- odd-lot order
- off-floor order
- official order
- offshore orders
- omnibus order
- on-floor order
- open order
- original order
- outstanding order
- payment order
- perpetual order
- pilot order
- placed order
- positive orders
- postal order
- postal money order
- preliminary order
- pressing order
- priority order
- production order
- proforma order
- publicity order
- purchase order
- purchasing order
- rated order
- repair order
- receiving order
- regular order
- remittance order
- repair order
- replenishment order
- repeat order
- resting order
- reverse order
- revocable order
- round-lot order
- rush order
- sample order
- sampling order
- scale order
- schedule order
- second order
- selling order
- sell-stop order
- sequence order
- service order
- shipping order
- shop order
- single order
- single-component order
- special order
- split order
- spread order
- standard order
- standing order
- state order
- stock order
- stock exchange order
- stop order
- stop limit order
- stop loss order
- stop payment order
- strict order
- substantial order
- supplementary order
- supporting order
- suspended market order
- swap order
- tall order
- tentative order
- time order
- transfer order
- transhipment delivery order
- transportation order
- trial order
- unfilled order
- unfulfilled order
- unlimited order
- urgent order
- valuable order
- vesting order
- warehouse order
- warehouse-keeper's order
- week order
- withdrawal order
- work order
- working order
- written order
- order for account
- order for collection
- order for designing
- order for development
- order for equipment
- order for goods
- order for payment
- order for remittance
- order for sample
- order for samples
- order for settlement
- order for transfer
- order for work
- order from abroad
- order of appeal
- order of attachment
- order of consideration
- order of the court
- order of day
- order of distribution
- order of events
- order of examination
- order of payments
- order of priority
- order of proceedings
- order of registration
- order of succession
- order of transfer
- order of utilization of funds
- order of work
- order on a competition basis
- orders on hand
- order on sample
- order to buy
- order to deliver
- order to pay
- order to purchase
- order to sell
- according to order
- against order
- by order
- in order
- in order of priority
- in chronological order
- in consecutive order
- in good order and condition
- in running order
- in short order
- in the inverse order
- in working order
- in order of priority
- of the order of
- on order
- out of order
- order
- order of the buyer
- order of the seller
- own order
- under order
- until further orders
- with order
- made to order
- accept an order
- acknowledge an order
- alter an order
- attend to an order
- award an order
- be in order
- book an order
- call off an order
- cancel an order
- carry out an order
- collect orders
- complete an order
- confirm an order
- countermand an order
- discharge an order
- dispatch an order
- draw up an order
- establish order
- execute an order
- file an order
- fill an order
- fulfil an order
- get an order
- give an order
- handle large orders
- have an order
- have smth on order
- honour with an order
- issue an order
- keep order
- lag behind incoming orders
- lose an order
- maintain order
- maintain in good order
- make out an order
- make to order
- meet orders
- observe the established order
- obtain an order
- pass on an order
- pay by banker's order
- pay for an order
- pay to the order of
- place an order
- place orders electronically
- pool orders
- procure an order
- put in order
- receive an order
- reconsider an order
- relay an order
- renew an order
- repeat an order
- revise an order
- revoke an order
- rush an order
- secure an order
- send an order
- solicit orders
- stick to the order
- subcontract an order
- suspend an order
- take an order
- transmit an order
- withdraw an order2. v1) приказывать; распоряжаться2) заказывать -
12 policy
In1) политика- buck smb.'s policy- attack smb.'s policy- condemn smb.'s policy- have misgivings about smb.'s policy2) линия поведения; курс, стратегия•- discredit smb.'s foreign policy- denigrate smb.'s foreign policy- misunderstand smb.'s foreign policy- libel smb.'s foreign policy- detect the true nature of smb.'s foreign policyIIn -
13 REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals) regulation EC/1907/2006
регламент ЕС № 1907/2006, касающийся правил регистрации, оценки, санкционирования и ограничения химических веществ (REACH)
-Параллельные тексты EN-RU REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals) regulation EC/1907/2006
In Europe, the purpose of the REACH regulation EC/1907/2006, which came into force on 1 June 2007, is to give the public better protection against chemicals that are available on the market and to make good the lack of knowledge about these chemicals.
Initially this regulation made manufacturers and importers of chemicals responsible for providing information on the safety of these substances for health and the environment and the uses made of them: this is the registration phase, which is the basis of the REACH system.
At the same time the function of the REACH regulation is to set up a framework for controlling the risks associated with the use of dangerous substances.
Certain substances may therefore be subject to usage restrictions or may even be prohibited.
Manufacturers and importers of chemicals must obtain authorisation to use substances classified in the “substance of very high concern” category.
A substance could be classified in this category if there is a risk for human health and/or the environment.
The aim of this Authorisation is to assure that the risks from substances of very high concern are properly controlled and that these substances are progressively replaced by suitable alternative substances.
[Legrand]Регламент ЕС № 1907/2006, касающийся правил регистрации, оценки, санкционирования и ограничения химических веществ (REACH)
Целью введения европейского регламента ЕС № 1907/2006 (REACH), вступившего в силу 1 июня 2007 года, является обеспечение более высокого уровня безопасности потребителей при использовании имеющихся на рынке химических веществ и предоставление отсутствовавшей ранее информации по этим химическим веществам.
В первую очередь данная норма обязала изготовителей и импортеров предоставлять информацию о безопасности химических веществ и их соединений, в отношении здоровья людей и окружающей среды. Информация предоставляется на этапе регистрации, которая лежит в основе системы REACH.
В то же время задача регламента REACH заключается в создании структуры для управления рисками, связанными с использованием опасных веществ.
В отношении некоторых веществ могут быть введены определенные ограничения использования. Какие-то вещества могут быть запрещены.
Изготовители и импортеры должны получать разрешение на использование веществ, отнесенных к категории «особо опасные вещества».
К данной категории относят вещества, представляющие опасность для здоровья человека и/или окружающей среды.
Целью такого санкционирования является обеспечение надлежащего контроля за веществами, относящихся к категории «особо опасные» и постепенная замена этих веществ альтернативными.
[Перевод Интент]Синонимы
- регламент ЕС № 1907/2006, касающийся правил регистрации, оценки, санкционирования и ограничения химических веществ (REACH)
EN
- REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals) regulation EC/1907/2006
- REACH regulation
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals) regulation EC/1907/2006
-
14 REACH regulation
регламент ЕС № 1907/2006, касающийся правил регистрации, оценки, санкционирования и ограничения химических веществ (REACH)
-Параллельные тексты EN-RU REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals) regulation EC/1907/2006
In Europe, the purpose of the REACH regulation EC/1907/2006, which came into force on 1 June 2007, is to give the public better protection against chemicals that are available on the market and to make good the lack of knowledge about these chemicals.
Initially this regulation made manufacturers and importers of chemicals responsible for providing information on the safety of these substances for health and the environment and the uses made of them: this is the registration phase, which is the basis of the REACH system.
At the same time the function of the REACH regulation is to set up a framework for controlling the risks associated with the use of dangerous substances.
Certain substances may therefore be subject to usage restrictions or may even be prohibited.
Manufacturers and importers of chemicals must obtain authorisation to use substances classified in the “substance of very high concern” category.
A substance could be classified in this category if there is a risk for human health and/or the environment.
The aim of this Authorisation is to assure that the risks from substances of very high concern are properly controlled and that these substances are progressively replaced by suitable alternative substances.
[Legrand]Регламент ЕС № 1907/2006, касающийся правил регистрации, оценки, санкционирования и ограничения химических веществ (REACH)
Целью введения европейского регламента ЕС № 1907/2006 (REACH), вступившего в силу 1 июня 2007 года, является обеспечение более высокого уровня безопасности потребителей при использовании имеющихся на рынке химических веществ и предоставление отсутствовавшей ранее информации по этим химическим веществам.
В первую очередь данная норма обязала изготовителей и импортеров предоставлять информацию о безопасности химических веществ и их соединений, в отношении здоровья людей и окружающей среды. Информация предоставляется на этапе регистрации, которая лежит в основе системы REACH.
В то же время задача регламента REACH заключается в создании структуры для управления рисками, связанными с использованием опасных веществ.
В отношении некоторых веществ могут быть введены определенные ограничения использования. Какие-то вещества могут быть запрещены.
Изготовители и импортеры должны получать разрешение на использование веществ, отнесенных к категории «особо опасные вещества».
К данной категории относят вещества, представляющие опасность для здоровья человека и/или окружающей среды.
Целью такого санкционирования является обеспечение надлежащего контроля за веществами, относящихся к категории «особо опасные» и постепенная замена этих веществ альтернативными.
[Перевод Интент]Синонимы
- регламент ЕС № 1907/2006, касающийся правил регистрации, оценки, санкционирования и ограничения химических веществ (REACH)
EN
- REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals) regulation EC/1907/2006
- REACH regulation
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > REACH regulation
См. также в других словарях:
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